Durak, Halil Genel, Salih Characterization of bio-oil and bio-char obtained from black cumin seed by hydrothermal liquefaction: investigation of potential as an energy source <p>In this study, black cumin seed cake was converted to liquid and solid products with catalyst (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub>, SnCl<sub>4</sub>.5H<sub>2</sub>O) and without catalyst at 300°C, 325°C, and 350°C by using the hydrothermal liquefaction method. The obtained products were analyzed by GC-MS, FT-IR, SEM, elemental analysis, and the <sup>1</sup>H NMR method. The highest light bio-oil yield was determined as 3.18% at 350°C with the catalyst SnCl<sub>4</sub>.5H<sub>2</sub>O and the highest heavy bio-oil yield was found to be 37.37% at 300°C with the catalyst Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. According to the results of the elemental analysis, the energy values of the liquid products (Light, Heavy bio-oil) varied between 21.87 and 31.78 Mjkg<sup>−1</sup> and the energy values of the solid products ranged between 16.22 and 18.28 Mjkg<sup>−1</sup>. In the GC-MS analysis of the liquid products gained at 300°C and 350°C, a large number of different compounds, generally composed of monoaromatic, aliphatic, polyaromatic, and oxygenated compounds, were obtained.</p> Black cumin;heavy bio-oil;light bio-oil;hydrothermal liquefaction;energy 2020-01-14
    https://tandf.figshare.com/articles/dataset/Characterization_of_bio-oil_and_bio-char_obtained_from_black_cumin_seed_by_hydrothermal_liquefaction_investigation_of_potential_as_an_energy_source/11604045
10.6084/m9.figshare.11604045.v1