Chemical constituents from <i>Agrimonia pilosa</i> Ledeb. and their chemotaxonomic significance LiuWei-jie HouXue-qian ChenHao LiangJing-yu SunJian-bo 2016 <p>Phytochemical investigation of the ethanol extract from the whole plant of <i>Agrimonia pilosa</i> led to the isolation of 31 compounds, including 16 flavonoids (<b>1</b>–<b>16</b>), 5 triterpenes (<b>17</b>–<b>21</b>), 1 isocoumarin (<b>22</b>), 5 phenolic acids (<b>23</b>–<b>27</b>), 1 ceramide (<b>28</b>), 2 agrimols (<b>29</b>–<b>30</b>) and 1 fatty acid (<b>31</b>). Their structures were determined by various spectroscopic analyses. Compounds <b>5</b>, <b>7</b> and <b>20</b> were firstly isolated from the genus Agrimonia, and compounds <b>6</b>, <b>10</b>–<b>11</b>, <b>15</b>, <b>26</b>, <b>28</b> and <b>31</b> were isolated from the family Rosaceae for the first time. Moreover, the chemotaxonomic significance of these compounds was summarised.</p>