10.6084/m9.figshare.7264568.v1 Manoj Kumar Choudhary Manoj Kumar Choudhary Arttu Eräranta Arttu Eräranta Antti J. Tikkakoski Antti J. Tikkakoski Jenni Koskela Jenni Koskela Elina J. Hautaniemi Elina J. Hautaniemi Mika Kähönen Mika Kähönen Jukka Mustonen Jukka Mustonen Ilkka Pörsti Ilkka Pörsti LDL cholesterol is associated with systemic vascular resistance and wave reflection in subjects naive to cardiovascular drugs Taylor & Francis Group 2018 augmentation index haemodynamics hypertension impedance cardiography LDL cholesterol pulse wave analysis systemic vascular resistance 2018-10-29 07:13:28 Journal contribution https://tandf.figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/LDL_cholesterol_is_associated_with_systemic_vascular_resistance_and_wave_reflection_in_subjects_naive_to_cardiovascular_drugs/7264568 <p><b>Background and aim:</b> Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a primary risk factor for atherosclerosis, but it is also associated with elevated blood pressure (BP) and future development of hypertension. We examined the relationship between LDL-C and haemodynamic variables in normotensive and never-treated hypertensive subjects.</p> <p><b>Methods:</b> We recruited 615 volunteers (19–72 years) without lipid-lowering and BP-lowering medication. Supine haemodynamics were recorded using continuous radial pulse wave analysis, whole-body impedance cardiography, and single channel electrocardiogram. The haemodynamic relations of LDL-C were examined using linear regression analyses with age, sex, body mass index (BMI) (or height and weight as appropriate), smoking status, alcohol use, and plasma C-reactive protein, sodium, uric acid, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index as the other included variables.</p> <p><b>Results:</b> The mean (SD) characteristics of the subjects were: age 45 (12) years, BMI 27 (4) kg/m<sup>2</sup>, office BP 141/89 (21/13) mmHg, creatinine 74 (14) µmol/l, total cholesterol 5.2 (1.0), LDL-C 3.1 (0.6), triglycerides 1.2 (0.8), and HDL-C 1.6 (0.4) mmol/l. LDL-C was an independent explanatory factor for aortic systolic and diastolic BP, augmentation index, pulse wave velocity (PWV), and systemic vascular resistance index (<i>p</i> < 0.05 for all). When central BP was included in the model for PWV, LDL-C was no longer an explanatory factor for PWV.</p> <p><b>Conclusions:</b> LDL-C is independently associated with BP via systemic vascular resistance and wave reflection. These results suggest that LDL-C may play a role in the pathogenesis of primary hypertension.</p>