Chanda, Abhishek Patra, Aparup Kalita, Bhargab K. Mukherjee, Ashis Proteomics analysis to compare the venom composition between <i>Naja naja</i> and <i>Naja kaouthia</i> from the same geographical location of eastern India: Correlation with pathophysiology of envenomation and immunological cross-reactivity towards commercial polyantivenom <p><b><i>Background</i></b>: Cobra bite is frequently reported across the Indian subcontinent and is associated with a high rate of death and morbidity. In eastern India (EI) <i>Naja naja</i> and <i>Naja kaouthia</i> are reported to be the two most abundant species of cobra.</p> <p><b><i>Research design and methods</i></b>: The venom proteome composition of <i>N. naja</i> (NnV) and <i>N. kaouthia</i> (NkV) from Burdwan districts of EI were compared by separation of venom proteins by 1D-SDS-PAGE followed by LC-MS/MS analysis of protein bands. The potency of commercial polyantivenom (PAV) was assessed by neutralization, ELISA, immuno-blot and venom-PAV immunoaffinity chromatography studies.</p> <p><b><i>Results</i></b>: Proteomic analysis identified 52 and 55 proteins for NnV and NkV, respectively, when searched against the Elapidae database. A small quantitative difference in venom composition between these two species of cobra was observed. PAVs exhibited poor cross-reactivity against low molecular mass toxins (<20 kDa) of both cobra venoms, which was substantiated by a meager neutralization of their phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> activity. Phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> and 3FTx, the two major classes of nonenzymatic and enzymatic proteins, respectively, were partially recognized by PAVs.</p> <p><b><i>Conclusions</i></b>: Efforts must be made to improve immunization protocols and supplement existing antivenoms with antibodies raised against the major toxins of these venoms.</p> Antivenomics;cobra venom;snakebite;snake venom;venom-antivenom cross-reactivity 2018-10-31
    https://tandf.figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Proteomics_analysis_to_compare_the_venom_composition_between_i_Naja_naja_i_and_i_Naja_kaouthia_i_from_the_same_geographical_location_of_eastern_India_Correlation_with_pathophysiology_of_envenomation_and_immunological_cross-reactivity_towards_commercial_po/7275944
10.6084/m9.figshare.7275944.v1