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Sialic acid-modified solid lipid nanoparticles as vascular endothelium-targeting carriers for ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute renal injury

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journal contribution
posted on 2017-11-30, 10:42 authored by Jing-Bo Hu, Gui-Ling Song, Di Liu, Shu-Juan Li, Jia-Hui Wu, Xu-Qi Kang, Jing Qi, Fei-Yang Jin, Xiao-Juan Wang, Xiao-Ling Xu, Xiao-Ying Ying, Lian Yu, Jian You, Yong-Zhong Du

In an attempt to improve therapeutic efficacy of dexamethasone (DXM)-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (NPs) for renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI)-induced acute renal injury (AKI), sialic acid (SA) is used as a ligand to target the inflamed vascular endothelium. DXM-loaded SA-conjugated polyethylene glycol (PEG)ylated NPs (SA-NPs) are prepared via solvent diffusion method and show the good colloidal stability. SA-NPs reduce apoptotic human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) via downregulating oxidative stress-induced Bax, upregulating Bcl-xL, and inhibiting Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 activation. Cellular uptake results suggest SA-NPs can be specifically internalized by the inflamed vascular endothelial cells (H2O2-pretreated HUVECs), and the mechanism is associated with the specific binding between SA and E-selectin receptor expressed on the inflamed vascular endothelial cells. Bio-distribution results further demonstrated the enhanced renal accumulation of DXM is achieved in AKI mice treated with SA-NPs, and its content is 2.70- and 5.88-fold higher than those treated with DXM and NPs at 6 h after intravenous administration, respectively. Pharmacodynamic studies demonstrate SA-NPs effectively ameliorate renal functions in AKI mice, as reflected by improved blood biochemical indexes, histopathological changes, oxidative stress levels and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, SA-NPs cause little negative effects on lymphocyte count and bone mineral density while DXM leads to severe osteoporosis. It is concluded that SA-NPs provide an efficient and targeted delivery of DXM for ischemia-reperfusion-induced injury-induced AKI, with improved therapeutic outcomes and reduced adverse effects.

Funding

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81573362, 81671889), the Nature Science Foundation of Zhejiang province (Q17H050002) and New Century 151 Talent Project of Zhejiang Province, the Scientific Research Fund of Ministry of Health-Medical Science Major Technology Fund Project of Zhejiang Province (WKJ-2 J-1609).

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