Kuwanon X from mulberry leaves exhibits antiviral activity against human adenoviruses: Supplementary figures

<p>Aim: This study aimed to investigate the anti–adenoviral activity of stilbene derivatives from mulberry</p> <p>leaves. Materials & methods: The anti–adenoviral activity was tested against adenoviruses -3 and -7</p> <p>on human airway epithelial cell models. Cytotoxicity was assessed by LDH assay. Adenoviral DNA was</p> <p>quantified by qPCR. Results: All five tested stilbene derivatives from mulberry leaves exhibited anti–</p> <p>adenoviral activity, with Kuwanon X showing the highest inhibitory effect. Kuwanon X showed no</p> <p>apparent cytotoxicity for a wide range of concentrations. The mechanistic study revealed that Kuwanon</p> <p>X did not affect viral entry and nuclear translocation of the adenoviral genome but reduced viral DNA</p> <p>production. Conclusion: Stilbene derivatives like Kuwanon X from mulberry leaves are good candidates</p> <p>for antiviral treatment against AdV.</p>